Electronics and Communications Standard Organizations

Other standard organizations have responsibilities for promoting and creating the electronic and communication standards used to deliver the IP packets as electronic signals over a wired or wireless medium.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, pronounced “I-triple-E”) – Organization of electrical engineering and electronics dedicated to advancing technological innovation and creating standards in a wide area of industries including power and energy, healthcare, telecommunications, and networking. Figure 1 shows several of the standards related to networking.
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) - Best known for its standards related to electrical wiring, connectors, and the 19-inch racks used to mount networking equipment.
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) - Responsible for developing communication standards in a variety of areas including radio equipment, cellular towers, Voice over IP (VoIP) devices, satellite communications, and more. Figure 2 shows an example of an Ethernet cable meeting TIA/EIA standards.
International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) - One of the largest and oldest communication standard organizations. The ITU-T defines standards for video compression, Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), and broadband communications, such as a digital subscriber line (DSL).

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